Sprinkle both sides of the shrimp with ¼ teaspoon each of salt and pepper.
Heat 1 tablespoon of olive oil in a large heavy-bottomed skillet on medium-high.
When the oil is hot, place the shrimp in a single layer in the skillet and cook for 2 minutes.
Flip the shrimp and cook the other side for 2 minutes. Transfer the shrimp to a dish and set aside.
Bring a large pot of salted water to a boil.
Add the penne pasta and cook until al dente according to the package directions.
While the water is heating and the pasta is cooking, make the sauce so the pasta and sauce will finish at roughly the same time. Start the sauce by heating the remaining ½ tablespoon of olive oil in the empty skillet on medium (clean the pan clean first if needed).
Add the garlic and red pepper flakes and saute for 2 minutes.
Pour in the broth and bring the liquid to a simmer.
Add the cream, grated parmesan, sun-dried tomatoes, ¼ teaspoon of salt, and ¼ teaspoon of black pepper and stir until the cheese is melted. Simmer for about 5 minutes until slightly thickened. Taste and adjust for salt and pepper if desired.
Add the shrimp, drained pasta, and thyme to the skillet. Tear the basil leaves and add them. Toss to coat the pasta and shrimp evenly in the sauce.
Serve immediately garnished with basil leaves. Sprinkle with more grated parmesan if desired.